This article is about the Bangladeshi part.
Sundarbans
part: 1
Source: Wikipedia
Location in Bangladesh
Location Khulna Division, Bangladesh
Nearest town Khulna, Satkhira, Bagerhat
Coordinates 21°57'N 89°11'ECoordinates: 21°57'N 89°11'E
Governing body Government of Bangladesh
UNESCO World Heritage web site
Official name The Sundarbans
Location
Khulna Division, Bangladesh
Includes 1. Sundarbans West life Sanctuary
2. Sundarbans South Sanctuary
3. Sundarbans East Sanctuary
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| Bangladesh |
Criteria
Natural: (ix)(x)
Reference 798
Inscription 1997 (21st Session)
Area 139,500 HA (539 sq mi)
Coordinates
21°57'N 89°11'E
Designations
Ramsar soil
Official name Sundarbans Reserved Forest
Designated twenty one could 1992
The Sundarbans may be a Rhizophora mangle space within the delta fashioned by the confluence of Ganges, river and Meghna Rivers within the Bay of geographic region. It spans from the Hooghly watercourse in India's state of West Bengal to the Baleswar watercourse in East Pakistan. It includes closed and open Rhizophora mangle forests, agriculturally used land, mudflats and barren land, and is intersected by multiple recurrent event streams and channels. Four protected areas within the Sundarbans are noncommissioned as United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization World Heritage Sites, viz Sundarbans parkland, Sundarbans West, Sundarbans South and Sundarbans East life Sanctuaries.[2] The Sundarbans Rhizophora mangle forest covers a section of regarding ten,000 km2 (3,900 sq mi). In West Bengal, they extend over four,260 km2 (1,640 sq mi) across the South twenty four Parganas and North twenty four Parganas districts.[3] Forests in Bangladesh's Khulna Division extend over six,017 km2 (2,323 sq mi). the foremost swarming tree species are Sundri (Heritiera fomes) and Gewa (Excoecaria agallocha). The forests offer surround to 453 faunal life, together with 290 bird, 120 fish, 42 mammal, thirty five reptilian and eight amphibian species.
The name 'Sundarbans' Bengali: ?????? ?? Shundorbôn ['?undorb?n] suggests that 'beautiful forest'.
Despite a complete ban on all killing or capture of life apart from fish and a few invertebrates, it seems that there's a standardized pattern of depleted variety or loss of species within the twentieth century, which the ecological quality of the forest is declining.[citation needed] The board of Forest is to blame for the administration and management of Sundarban parkland in West Bengal. In East Pakistan, a replacement Forest Circle was created in 1993 to preserve the forest, and Chief Conservators of Forests are denote since. Despite preservation commitments from each Governments, the Sunderbans are beneath threat from each natural and human-made causes. In 2007, the landfall of Cyclone Sidr broken around fortieth of the Sundarbans. The forest is additionally plagued by accrued salinity because of rising ocean levels and reduced fresh offer. The projected coal-fired Rampal station located fourteen kilometer (8.7 mi) north of the Sundarbans at Rampal Upazila of Bagerhat District in Khulna, East Pakistan is anticipated to more harm this distinctive Rhizophora mangle forest in step with a 2016 report by United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Etymology
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| Sundarban |
The Bengali name 'Sundarban' suggests that 'beautiful forest'. it's going to are derived from the word 'Sundari', the native name of the Rhizophora mangle species genus Terrietia genus Fomes. as an alternative, it's been projected that the name may be a corruption of Samudraban, Shomudrobôn ("Sea Forest"), or Chandra-bandhe (name of a primitive tribe). However, the commonly accepted read is that the one related to Sundari or Sundri trees.
History
Village during a clearing of Sundarbans. Drawing by Frederic Peter Layard once an inspired sketch of 1839
The history of the world may be derived back to 200–300 AD. A ruin of a town designed by Chand Sadagar has been found within the Baghmara Forest Block. throughout the Mughal amount, the Mughal Kings hired the forests of the Sundarbans to close residents. several criminals took refuge within the Sundarbans from the advancing armies of Emperor Akbar. several are well-known to be attacked by tigers. several of the buildings that were designed by them later fell to hands of Portuguese pirates, salt smugglers and dacoits within the seventeenth century. proof of the very fact may be derived from the ruins at Netidhopani and alternative places scattered everywhere Sundarbans. The position of the forests underwent a series of changes, together with the excellence of being the primary Rhizophora mangle forest within the world to be brought beneath scientific management. the world was mapped 1st in Persian, by the Surveyor General as early as 1764 following before long once proprietary rights were obtained from the Mughal Emperor Alamgir II by land East Indies Company in 1757. Systematic management of this forest tract started within the decade once the institution of a Forest Department within the Province of geographic region, in British Republic of India. The management was entirely designed to extract no matter treasures were accessible, however labour and lower management principally were staffed by locals, because the British had no experience or adaptation expertise in Rhizophora mangle forests.
The first Forest Management Division to possess jurisdiction over the Sundarbans was established in 1869. In 1875 an oversized portion of the Rhizophora mangle forests was declared as reserved forests beneath the Forest Act, 1865 (Act VIII of 1865). The remaining parts of the forests were declared a reserve forest the subsequent year and also the forest, that was up to now administered by the civil administration district, was placed beneath the management of the Forest Department. A Forest Division, that is that the basic forest management and administration unit, was created in 1879 with the headquarters in Khulna, Bangladesh. the primary management arrange was written for the amount 1893–98.
In 1911, it absolutely was represented as a tract of waste country that had ne'er been surveyed nor had the census been extended thereto. It then stretched for regarding 266 kilometres (165 mi) from the mouth of the Hooghly watercourse to the mouth of the Meghna watercourse and was finite upcountry by the 3 settled districts of the twenty four Parganas, Khulna and Bakerganj. the entire space (including water) was calculable at sixteen,900 sq. kilometres (6,526 sq mi). it absolutely was a water-logged jungle, within which tigers and alternative wild beasts abounded. tries at reclamation had not been terribly in. The Sundarbans were intersected by watercourse channels and creeks, a number of that afforded water communication throughout the geographic region region each for steamboats and ships.[citation needed]
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